Tugas Softskill - Ing-form

Nama     : Fajar Armando N.

Kelas      : 4SA02     NPM : 12611627

The African kingdom getting into sushi

(CNN) -- The flashing neon advertising signs and crowded crosswalks of Tokyo may not resemble the slow suburban settlement of Maseru -- the capital of the tiny mountain kingdom of Lesotho in southern Africa. But the two countries are now being linked by an unlikely dish: trout.

Thanks to Highlands Trout, and their operation 2,200m above sea level in the Maluti Mountains, supermarket shoppers in Osaka, Kyoto and Tokyo can now get their seafood fix from the landlocked African nation.

"Lesotho provide(s) ideal, pristine environmental conditions for the farming of large trout," explains Fred Formanek, managing partner of Advance Africa Management Services, who has developed the Highlands Trout project since 2009. "Water temperatures are close to ideal [for trout] for most of the year due to the altitude."

Production started in 2012 with a haul of 500 tonnes of trout in the first year. During the current financial year, the company aims to produce three-times that amount.

While the business says the Japan-bound fish are stuck on a ship for four weeks, executives insist the added logistics -- and extra costs -- are worth it. "The price premium that we currently receive... makes up for any additional logistics costs," says Formanek.

Business beginnings

The production process starts with the fish arriving in Lesotho from Denmark as eggs. They are then stored in temperature-controlled pens until they become "fingerlings" weighing around 10g. The baby fish are so fragile at this stage that the water quality is monitored

Once they become fingerlings, the fish are transferred to small nursery cages in the Katse dam -- Africa's second largest. In these more natural conditions, the fish grow to around 20cm in length and a weight of around 150g.

They are then moved to larger "grow cages" where they live their last days in the mountain kingdom. Through this whole process, which takes around 20 months, some of the fish grow as heavy as 2.8 kg -- lean fish meat fresh for sushi, soups and sizzling grills.

And it's the vast majority of these fish -- 85% -- that will be gutted and loaded onto 40ft refrigerated containers and shipped from the South African port of Durban to Asia. The remainder is sold to South Africa (10%) and Lesotho (5%).

Foreign inputs

But it's not just the fish that make a long journey to keep this business afloat.

Using materials and expertise from abroad has been key to the success of the project. Specially designed cages have been imported from Norway (which is also where the farm manager was based for 20 years), while most of the protein rich pellets the fish nibble on whilst growing come from France.

But not all aspects of this operation are imported. "We employ just over 100 [local people] on a permanent basis," explains managing director of Highlands Trout Grant Merrick. "The bulk of the employees are directly involved with the growing and processing of fish....We have many employees who have never been in formal employment prior to starting at Highlands Trout."

This is an important consideration in a country where 24% of the population was unemployed in 2008 -- the last year records were collected. Government estimates from figures collected in 2010/11 show that 57% of the country lives in poverty.

The Highlands of Lesotho provide ideal, pristine environmental conditions for the farming of large Trout
Fred Formanek, Advance Africa

Future fish

While this might be a significant operation now, the project has had to deal with difficulties to get to where it is today. "The extremely remote area, developing a high-tech business with the highest levels of food safety certification, in a country where aquaculture and fisheries did not exist, presented plenty of challenges," explains Formanek.

And when the business is compared to the global market the impact is limited. Expert Peter Rand of the IUCN Salmon Specialist Group describes the production figures as "very small" compared to other sectors. He explains that salmon production in countries like Norway and Chile "is more than 1 million metric tons per year."

But the Lesotho is showing no signs of shrinking in the face of the competition. "Projected growth is ramping up by some 750 tonnes per annum," explains Formanek. "Expansion into a second dam in the Highlands called Mohale Dam is in planning."

While Highlands Trout may not swamp the supermarkets anytime soon, their use of Lesotho's natural resources and remote mountain landscape could help the operation see some success.

http://edition.cnn.com/2014/11/21/business/lesotho-trout-for-japan/index.html?hpt=ias_mid

Ing-form

1.      Verb    :

-Simple Continous Tense

  "Lesotho provide(s) ideal, pristine environmental conditions for the farming of large trout,"

-Perfect Continous Tense

We have many employees who have never been in formal employment prior to starting at Highlands Trout."

2.      Adjective :

-Noun Phrase

"The bulk of the employees are directly involved with the growing and processing of fish

-Reduced Adjective Clause

"Projected growth is ramping up by some 750 tonnes per annum,"

3.      Gerund :

-Subject

Using materials and expertise from abroad has been key to the success of the project

-Dirrect Object

The flashing neon advertising signs

-Subject Complement

explains Fred Formanek, managing partner of Advance Africa Management Services

-Object of Preposition

But the Lesotho is showing no signs of shrinking in the face of the competition

-Appositive

lean fish meat fresh for sushi, soups and sizzling grills.

Tugas Softskill - Report Speech

Nama : Fajar Armando N

Kelas : 4SA02 / NPM : 12611627

The Dreamer

by H.H. Munro (SAKI)

---

It was the season of sales. The august establishment of Walpurgis and Nettlepink had lowered its prices for an entire week as a concession to trade observances, much as an Arch-duchess might protestingly contract an attack of influenza for the unsatisfactory reason that influenza was locally prevalent. Adela Chemping, who considered herself in some measure superior to the allurements of an ordinary bargain sale, made a point of attending the reduction week at Walpurgis and Nettlepink's.

"I'm not a bargain hunter," she said, "but I like to go where bargains are."

Which showed that beneath her surface strength of character there flowed a gracious undercurrent of human weakness.

With a view to providing herself with a male escort Mrs. Chemping had invited her youngest nephew to accompany her on the first day of the shopping expedition, throwing in the additional allurement of a cinematograph theatre and the prospect of light refreshment. As Cyprian was not yet eighteen she hoped he might not have reached that stage in masculine development when parcel-carrying is looked on as a thing abhorrent.

"Meet me just outside the floral department," she wrote to him, "and don't be a moment later than eleven."

Cyprian was a boy who carried with him through early life the wondering look of a dreamer, the eyes of one who sees things that are not visible to ordinary mortals, and invests the commonplace things of this world with qualities unsuspected by plainer folk - the eyes of a poet or a house agent. He was quietly dressed - that sartorial quietude which frequently accompanies early adolescence, and is usually attributed by novel-writers to the influence of a widowed mother. His hair was brushed back in a smoothness as of ribbon seaweed and seamed with a narrow furrow that scarcely aimed at being a parting. His aunt particularly noted this item of his toilet when they met at the appointed rendezvous, because he was standing waiting for her bare-headed.

"Where is your hat?" she asked.

"I didn't bring one with me," he replied.

Adela Chemping was slightly scandalised.

"You are not going to be what they call a Nut, are you?" she inquired with some anxiety, partly with the idea that a Nut would be an extravagance which her sister's small household would scarcely be justified in incurring, partly, perhaps, with the instinctive apprehension that a Nut, even in its embryo stage, would refuse to carry parcels.

Cyprian looked at her with his wondering, dreamy eyes.

"I didn't bring a hat," he said, "because it is such a nuisance when one is shopping; I mean it is so awkward if one meets anyone one knows and has to take one's hat off when one's hands are full of parcels. If one hasn't got a hat on one can't take it off."

Mrs. Chemping sighed with great relief; her worst fear had been laid at rest.

"It is more orthodox to wear a hat," she observed, and then turned her attention briskly to the business in hand.

"We will go first to the table-linen counter," she said, leading the way in that direction; "I should like to look at some napkins."

The wondering look deepened in Cyprian's eyes as he followed his aunt; he belonged to a generation that is supposed to be over-fond of the role of mere spectator, but looking at napkins that one did not mean to buy was a pleasure beyond his comprehension. Mrs. Chemping held one or two napkins up to the light and stared fixedly at them, as though she half expected to find some revolutionary cypher written on them in scarcely visible ink; then she suddenly broke away in the direction of the glassware department.

"Millicent asked me to get her a couple of decanters if there were any going really cheap," she explained on the way, "and I really do want a salad bowl. I can come back to the napkins later on."

She handled and scrutinised a large number of decanters and a long series of salad bowls, and finally bought seven chrysanthemum vases.

"No one uses that kind of vase nowadays," she informed Cyprian, "but they will do for presents next Christmas."

Two sunshades that were marked down to a price that Mrs. Chemping considered absurdly cheap were added to her purchases.

"One of them will do for Ruth Colson; she is going out to the Malay States, and a sunshade will always be useful there. And I must get her some thin writing paper. It takes up no room in one's baggage."

Mrs. Chemping bought stacks of writing paper; it was so cheap, and it went so flat in a trunk or portmanteau. She also bought a few envelopes - envelopes somehow seemed rather an extragavance compared with notepaper.

"Do you think Ruth will like blue or grey paper?" she asked Cyprian.

"Grey," said Cyprian, who had never met the lady in question.

"Have you any mauve notepaper of this quality?" Adela asked the assistant.

"We haven't any mauve," said the assistant, "but we've two shades of green and a darker shade of grey."

Mrs. Chemping inspected the greens and the darker grey, and chose the blue.

"Now we can have some lunch," she said.

Cyprian behaved in an exemplary fashion in the refreshment department, and cheerfully accepted a fish cake and a mince pie and a small cup of coffee as adequate restoratives after two hours of concentrated shopping. He was adamant, however, in resisting his aunt's suggestion that a hat should be bought for him at the counter where men's headwear was being disposed of at temptingly reduced prices.

"I've got as many hats as I want at home," he said, "and besides, it rumples one's hair so, trying them on."

Perhaps he was going to develop into a Nut after all. It was a disquieting symptom that he left all the parcels in charge of the cloak-room attendant.

"We shall be getting more parcels presently," he said, "so we need not collect these till we have finished our shopping."

His aunt was doubtfully appeased; some of the pleasure and excitement of a shopping expedition seemed to evaporate when one was deprived of immediate personal contact with one's purchases.

"I'm going to look at those napkins again," she said, as they descended the stairs to the ground floor. "You need not come," she added, as the dreaming look in the boy's eyes changed for a moment into one of mute protest, "you can meet me afterwards in the cutlery department; I've just remembered that I haven't a corkscrew in the house that can be depended on."

Cyprian was not to be found in the cutlery department when his aunt in due course arrived there, but in the crush and bustle of anxious shoppers and busy attendants it was an easy matter to miss anyone. It was in the leather goods department some quarter of an hour later that Adela Chemping caught sight of her nephew, separated from her by a rampart of suit-cases and portmanteaux and hemmed in by the jostling crush of human beings that now invaded every corner of the great shopping emporium. She was just in time to witness a pardonable but rather embarrassing mistake on the part of a lady who had wriggled her way with unstayable determination towards the bareheaded Cyprian, and was now breathlessly demanding the sale price of a handbag which had taken her fancy.

"There now," exclaimed Adela to herself, "she takes him for one of the shop assistants because he hasn't got a hat on. I wonder it hasn't happened before."

Perhaps it had. Cyprian, at any rate, seemed neither startled nor embarrassed by the error into which the good lady had fallen. Examining the ticket on the bag, he announced in a clear, dispassionate voice:

"Black seal, thirty-four shillings, marked down to twenty-eight. As a matter of fact, we are clearing them out at a special reduction price of twenty-six shillings. They are going off rather fast."

"I'll take it," said the lady, eagerly digging some coins out of her purse.

"Will you take it as it is?" asked Cyprian; "it will be a matter of a few minutes to get it wrapped up, there is such a crush."

"Never mind, I'll take it as it is," said the purchaser, clutching her treasure and counting the money into Cyprian's palm.

Several kind strangers helped Adela into the open air.

"It's the crush and the heat," said one sympathiser to another; "it's enough to turn anyone giddy."

When she next came across Cyprian he was standing in the crowd that pushed and jostled around the counters of the book department. The dream look was deeper than ever in his eyes. He had just sold two books of devotion to an elderly Canon.

http://americanliterature.com/author/hh-munro-saki/short-story/the-dreamer

Reported Speech :

1.        

      Statement : RED  Sentences

-Positive >>

"Now we can have some lunch," she said.

It means >>> She said that they can have some lunch at that time.

-Negative >>

"I'm not a bargain hunter," she said

It means >>> She said that she was not a bargain hunter.

2.      Question : BLUE Sentences

-Positive >>

"Where is your hat?" she asked.

It means >>> She asked me where my hat was.

-Negative >>

"You are not going to be what they call a Nut, are you?" she inquired with some anxiety

It means >>> She asked me that am i going to be what they call a Nut or not.

3.      Imperative : GREEN Sentences

-Positive >>

"Meet me just outside the floral department," she wrote to him

It means >>> She told me to meet her outside the floral department.

-Negative >>

"You need not come," she added

It means >>> She told me that i don’t need to come.

Tugas Softskill - Active and Passive Voice

Nama : Fajar Armando N

Kelas : 4SA02 / NPM : 12611627

The Story of An Hour

by Kate Chopin

---

Knowing that Mrs. Mallard was afflicted with a heart trouble, great care was taken to break to her as gently as possible the news of her husband's death.

It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences; veiled hints that revealed in half concealing. Her husband's friend Richards was there, too, near her. It was he who had been in the newspaper office when intelligence of the railroad disaster was received, with Brently Mallard's name leading the list of "killed." He had only taken the time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram, and had hastened to forestall any less careful, less tender friend in bearing the sad message.

She did not hear the story as many women have heard the same, with a paralyzed inability to accept its significance. She wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonment, in her sister's arms. When the storm of grief had spent itself she went away to her room alone. She would have no one follow her.

There stood, facing the open window, a comfortable, roomy armchair. Into this she sank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach into her soul.

She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees that were all aquiver with the new spring life. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. In the street below a peddler was crying his wares. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached her faintly, and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves.

There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that had met and piled one above the other in the west facing her window.

She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair, quite motionless, except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her, as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams.

She was young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed away off yonder on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.

There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name. But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air.

Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously. She was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back with her will--as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been. When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips. She said it over and over under the breath: "free, free, free!" The vacant stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes. They stayed keen and bright. Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.

She did not stop to ask if it were or were not a monstrous joy that held her. A clear and exalted perception enabled her to dismiss the suggestion as trivial. She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death; the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray and dead. But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely. And she opened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.

There would be no one to live for during those coming years; she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending hers in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature. A kind intention or a cruel intention made the act seem no less a crime as she looked upon it in that brief moment of illumination.

And yet she had loved him--sometimes. Often she had not. What did it matter! What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in the face of this possession of self-assertion which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!

"Free! Body and soul free!" she kept whispering.

Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole, imploring for admission. "Louise, open the door! I beg; open the door--you will make yourself ill. What are you doing, Louise? For heaven's sake open the door."

"Go away. I am not making myself ill." No; she was drinking in a very elixir of life through that open window.

Her fancy was running riot along those days ahead of her. Spring days, and summer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own. She breathed a quick prayer that life might be long. It was only yesterday she had thought with a shudder that life might be long.

She arose at length and opened the door to her sister's importunities. There was a feverish triumph in her eyes, and she carried herself unwittingly like a goddess of Victory. She clasped her sister's waist, and together they descended the stairs. Richards stood waiting for them at the bottom.

Someone was opening the front door with a latchkey. It was Brently Mallard who entered, a little travel-stained, composedly carrying his grip-sack and umbrella. He had been far from the scene of the accident, and did not even know there had been one. He stood amazed at Josephine's piercing cry; at Richards' quick motion to screen him from the view of his wife.

When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease--of the joy that kills.

http://americanliterature.com/author/kate-chopin/short-story/the-story-of-an-hour

Active Voice :

1.       1. She          did not hear     the story as many women have heard the same

subject           verb                               object

-using simple past tense because heard is verb 2 and there’s “did”

2.      2. When the storm of grief had spent itself     she          went away       to her room alone

Object                 subject          verb                 adv. Place

-using simple past tense because went is past, and spent is verb 2

3.      3. She          could see in the open square before her house   the tops of trees that were all

Subject                  verb                                                       adv. place                                                        

aquiver with the new spring life

       object

-using simple present tense

4.      4. She          sat        with her head thrown back upon     the cushion of the chair

Subject       verb                         complemen                              object

-using simple present perfect because there’s sat which is verb 2 and followed by thrown which is verb 3

5.      5. And she           opened and spread     her arms out to them in welcome.

     Subject                   verb                             object

 -using simple past tense because opened is verb 2

>> >>They are active voice because the subject is doing the action

Passive Voice :

1.      1. Knowing that Mrs. Mallard   was    afflicted  with a heart trouble

                        Subject          be        verb                 object

 -using simple past tense because afflicted is verb 2

2.      2. It              was   her sister Josephine   who told her, in broken sentences

Subject     be       complemen             verb                 object

-using simple present perfect because told is verb 2 and followed by broken which verb 3

3.      3. There was    something coming    to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully

              Be        subject     verb      object 
-using simple present continous because of word coming which mean is still happen or going to happen

4.      4. Into this she      sank, pressed down   by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body

             Subject           verb                             object

and seemed to reach into her soul

-using simple past tense because all of them is using verb 2

5.        5. except when a sob     came up into her throat and shook her

                        subject      verb                 object

-using simple past tense because all of the verb is verb 2

>>>>they are passive voice because the subject receive the action done by someone